Category: Spine/Thorax

Multifidi

5/8/2019

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Posterior views, right illustration highlighting origins and insertions. (Image by R. Dorn)

mul-tif-i-di

Action
Unilaterally:

Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

Extend the vertebral column

Origin

Sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae

Insertion

Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae (span two to four vertebrae)

Nerve

Spinal

Location: Deep to erectors, lateral to spine
BLMs: Spinous and transverse processes
Action: "Extend and/or rotate your spine"

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Longissimus

5/8/2019

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Posterior views, right illustration showing branches of longissimus. (Image by R. Dorn)

lon-jis-i-mus

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side

Bilaterally:

Extend the vertebral column

Origin

Common tendon (thoracis)
Transverse processes of upper five thoracic vertebrae (cervicis and capitis)

Insertion

Lower nine ribs and transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae (thoracis)
Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (cervicis)
Mastoid process of temporal bone (capitis)

Nerve

Spinal

Location: Lateral to spinalis fibers
BLMs: Spinous processes of all vertebrae
Action: "Extend your spine"

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Intertransversarii

4/24/2019

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Posterior views of vertebral column, cervical and lumbar sections highlighted. (Image by R. Dorn)

in-ter-trans-verse-er-i

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side

Bilaterally:

Extend the vertebral column

Origin
Cervical:

Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae C-2 to C-7

Lumbar:

Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae L-1 to L-5

Insertion
Cervical:

Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae C-2 to C-7

Lumbar:

Spanning the transverse processes of vertebrae L-1 to L-5

Nerve

Spinal

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Interspinalis

4/24/2019

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Posterior views of vertebral column, cervical and lumbar sections highlighted. (Image by R. Dorn)

in-ter-spi-na-lis

Action

Extend the vertebral column

Origin
Cervical:

Spanning the spinous processes of C-2 to T-3

Lumbar:

Spanning the spinous processes to T-12 to L-5

Insertion
Cervical:

Spanning the spinous processes of C-2 to T-3

Lumbar:

Spanning the spinous processes to T-12 to L-5

Nerve

Spinal

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Internal Oblique

4/24/2019

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Lateral and anterior view. *Linea alba (Image by R. Dorn)

o-bleek

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
Rotate vertebral column to the same side

Bilaterally:

Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents

Origin

Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion

Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Nerve

T7, 8, T9-12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral rami

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Internal Intercostals

4/24/2019

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Anterior view of rib cage. (Image by R. Dorn)

kos-tal

Action

Draw the ribs inferiorly (decreasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with exhalation

Origin

Inferior border of the rib above

Insertion

Superior border of the rib below

Nerve

Thoracic

Location: Spaces between the ribs
BLMs: Body of the ribs
Action: "Exhale"

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Iliocostalis

4/10/2019

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Posterior views, right illustration showing branches of iliocostalis. (Image by R. Dorn)

il-ee-o-kos-ta-lis

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side

Bilaterally:

Extend the vertebral column

Origin

Common tendon (lumborum)
Posterior surface of ribs 1-12 (thoracis and cervicis)

Insertion

Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae 1-3 and posterior surface of ribs 6-12 (lumborum)
Posterior surface of ribs 1-6 (thoracis)
Transverse processes of lower cervicals (cervicis)

Nerve

Spinal

Location: Lateral to longissimus fibers
BLMs: Spinous processes of all vertebrae
Action: "Extend your spine" or "raise your feet slightly"

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External Oblique

4/10/2019

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Lateral views. (Image by R. Dorn)

o-bleek

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

Flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents

Origin

External surfaces of fifth to twelfth ribs

Insertion

Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

Nerve

(T5, 6), T7-11, T12

Location: Lateral surface of abdomen
BLMs: Iliac crest, bottom edge of ribs
Action: "Rotate your trunk to the opposite side"

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external intercostals

4/3/2019

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Anterior view of rib cage. (Image by R. Dorn)

kos-tal

Action

Draw the ribs superiorly (increasing the space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with inhalation

Origin

Inferior border of the rib above

Insertion

Superior border of the rib below

Nerve

Thoracic

Location: Spaces between the ribs
BLMs: Body of the ribs
Action: "Inhale"

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erector Spinae group

4/3/2019

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Posterior view. (Image by R. Dorn)

(Spinalis, Longissimus, Iliocostalis)

Action
Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side

Bilaterally:

Extend the vertebral column

Origin

Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of the lumbar and last two thoracic vertebrae

Insertion